Tuesday, March 30, 2010
Career Advice '08
Check out this SlideShare Presentation:
Career Advice '08
View more presentations from garr.
Saturday, March 27, 2010
Useful Cisco Switch Commands (suitable for a 2950)
show run ' to see the conplete switch running
confige
show run int f0/1 ' to see running confige on
FastEthernet, slot 0, port 1
show run int vlan x ' where x = the management vlan for the
switch
show int status ' show basic interface configuation
information
Saving the Switch Running Configuation. Example command:
copy run start
Dealing with Switch Logging. Example commands:
service timestamps debug datetime localtime
service timestamps log datertime localtime
logging buffered
clear log ' clear logs if they have been on for a
long period of time
show log ' see see the switch logs
Setting the switch clock:
show clock ' to see the clock settings
clock set hh:mm:ss d m y ' clock set 14:10:55 9 sept 2005
Finding out the general topology of the connecting network. Example
commands:
show cdp ne ' for an overview
show cdp ne de ' to be more specific. This gives the
neighbour IP address
Managing the ARP:
show arp ' to see the ARP table
clear arp ' to clear the ARP table
Troubleshooting connectivity issues:
ping x.x.x.x ' ping a known address 5 times. There should
be a quick response.
ping ' extended ping, followed by return to do an
extended ping test. Can state no. of pings
trace x.x.x.x ' to do a trace route to an IP address
Looking at the Switch counters:
clear counters ' to clear all switch counters
show int counters ' to see all interface counters
show int counters error ' to see errors on all the interfaces
show int fa0/22 ' to see errors on a particular
interface
So how fast are Ports running:
show proc cpu
sh cont util
Making changes:
config t ' to go into configuration mode
int range f0/1 - 10 ' to set changes to be make to a range
of ports
speed 100 ' to set the speed of the port to 100Mb
duplex full ' to set the line duplex to full, half
or auto
Setting up the Banner:
config t
banner motd ^C
^C
Working with VLAN's:
show vlan
show vtp status
vlan database
vtp transparent|server|client ' Choose wisely here!! Swithces come
out of the box in Server mode!!!
Friday, March 26, 2010
Subnetting in your head - What do we know?
What do we know about a /25?
128 mask
1 bits on and 7 bits off (10000000)
Block size of 128
2 subnets, each with 126 hosts
What do we know about a /26?
192 mask
2 bits on and 6 bits off (11000000)
Block size of 64
4 subnets, each with 62 hosts
What do we know about a /27?
224 mask
3 bits on and 5 bits off (11100000)
Block size of 32
8 subnets, each with 30 hosts
What do we know about a /28?
240 mask
4 bits on and 4 bits off
Block size of 16
16 subnets, each with 14 hosts
What do we know about a /29?
248 mask
5 bits on and 3 bits off
Block size of 8
32 subnets, each with 6 hosts
What do we know about a /30?
252 mask
6 bits on and 2 bits off
Block size of 4
64 subnets, each with 2 hosts
Regardless of whether you have a Class A, Class B, or Class C address, the /30 mask will provide you with only two hosts, ever. This mask is suited almost exclusively—as well as suggested by Cisco—for use on point-to-point links.
128 mask
1 bits on and 7 bits off (10000000)
Block size of 128
2 subnets, each with 126 hosts
What do we know about a /26?
192 mask
2 bits on and 6 bits off (11000000)
Block size of 64
4 subnets, each with 62 hosts
What do we know about a /27?
224 mask
3 bits on and 5 bits off (11100000)
Block size of 32
8 subnets, each with 30 hosts
What do we know about a /28?
240 mask
4 bits on and 4 bits off
Block size of 16
16 subnets, each with 14 hosts
What do we know about a /29?
248 mask
5 bits on and 3 bits off
Block size of 8
32 subnets, each with 6 hosts
What do we know about a /30?
252 mask
6 bits on and 2 bits off
Block size of 4
64 subnets, each with 2 hosts
Regardless of whether you have a Class A, Class B, or Class C address, the /30 mask will provide you with only two hosts, ever. This mask is suited almost exclusively—as well as suggested by Cisco—for use on point-to-point links.
If you can memorize this “What Do We Know?” section, you’ll be much better off in your day-to-day job and in your studies. Try saying it out loud, which helps you memorize things—yes, your significant other and/or coworkers will think you’ve lost it, but they probably already do if you are in the networking field. And if you’re not yet in the networking field but are studying all this to break into it, you might as well have people start thinking you’re an odd bird now since they will eventually anyway.
Thursday, March 25, 2010
Manage network broadcasts on Cisco switches using storm control
Network broadcasts can create a huge amount of traffic on your organization's network. When one device sends out a single broadcast, that broadcast goes to all devices on the subnet or VLAN.
How can you manage these broadcasts to make your network more efficient? One method is to use Cisco Catalyst broadcast suppression—also known as storm control.
Broadcasts are a natural part of the TCP/IP suite of applications. A broadcast is a packet sent to ALL HOSTS or ALL HOSTS ON A SUBNET.
A packet sent to all hosts has a destination IP address of 255.255.255.255. A packet sent to all hosts on a subnet is a directed broadcast, and it goes to a specific destination—for example, 10.1.1.255.
Some necessary protocols such as Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) use broadcasts, so they aren't something you can just throw out. What you can do is suppress excessive broadcasts on your network using storm control.
Configure storm control
It's important to protect your organization's LAN from broadcast storms, which can cause network slowdowns if they become severe. With the Cisco IOS, you can easily and quickly protect your network by configuring a single command on each switch interface.
You can configure storm control on most Cisco Catalyst platforms. (On older platforms, Cisco calls it broadcast suppression.) The Cisco IOS disables broadcast suppression by default.
Storm control manages how the receiving port handles the broadcast. You can configure a threshold to drop broadcasts for a certain period of time or until the broadcast flow slows down.
By default, the switch only drops the broadcast packets. In addition, you can shut down the port or send a SNMP trap to your management station.
Here's how to configure storm control on a Catalyst 2950 switch:
Switch(config)# int fa0/19
Switch(config-if)# storm-control broadcast level 50
Switch(config-if)# storm-control action trapThe first command—storm-control broadcast—is the only required command. Thestorm-control action trap command is optional, as is shutting down the port, which requires the storm-control action shutdown command.
This example has nothing to do with regular unicast or multicast traffic. However, you can configure storm control for both unicast and multicast traffic by substituting unicastor multicast for broadcast in the command.
Once you've configured storm control, you can check the status of the configuration with the show storm-control broadcast command. Here's an example of the output:
Switch# show storm-control broadcast
Interface Filter State Trap State Upper Lower Current Traps Sent
--------- ------------ --------- ----- ----- ------- ---------
Fa0/1 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/2 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/3 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/4 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/5 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/6 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/7 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/8 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/9 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/10 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/11 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/12 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/13 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/14 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/15 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/16 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/17 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/18 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/19 Forwarding Below rising 50.00% 50.00% 0.00% 0
Fa0/20 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/21 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/22 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/23 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Fa0/24 inactive inactive 100.00% 100.00% N/A 0
Switch#For more technical information on Cisco Catalyst Storm Control, check out Cisco's "Configuring Storm Control" documentation.
Source of the picture above is from this link.
Source of the picture above is from this link.
10 things you should know about creating a resume for a high-level IT position
Building a resume that targets an upper-level IT position, such as architect or consultant, requires a different approach than creating a resume to land an entry-level tech job. Although many of the standard rules still apply, you need to follow some more specialized guidelines. In fact, a few of these tips may actually contradict your previous notions of what your resume should include (and exclude).
Building a resume that targets an upper-level IT position, such as architect or consultant, requires a different approach than creating a resume to land an entry-level tech job. Although many of the standard rules still apply, you need to follow some more specialized guidelines. In fact, a few of these tips may actually contradict your previous notions of what your resume should include (and exclude).
image source
#1: Keep your list of “core skills” short and sweet
When you’ve worked with a lot of technologies, you want to show the world all you’ve done. However, having a long list of core skills actually gives the impression that you know only a little bit about most of those things and that you’re a generalist, not the specialist that the potential client/employer needs. Keep this list to a handful of key skills or possibly eliminate the list altogether.
#2: Don’t list certification exams
At the very least, minimize the impact of a cert list. The average IT pro might want to list exams passed to build up a resume, but for the IT veteran, this actually marginalizes real-world experience and accomplishments.
#3: Quantify projects and results
For example, if you do an Active Directory implementation, specify how many sites, domains, and servers were involved. If you designed an e-commerce system, specify the increased percentage of sales that resulted from the project. Tell the potential client/employer exactly how you helped a previous company you worked for.
#4: Take advantage of bullets
Don’t use paragraph style writing to describe your projects, tasks, and duties. Bullet-point every major accomplishment or project and leave out the minor things. (Your resume is already going to be too big anyway.)
#5: Include examples of work, if possible
For instance, maybe you’ve written articles for an online magazine or built an e-commerce site. Include links to pertinent examples so that potential clients/employers can see firsthand what you do.
#6: Highlight major accomplishments
If you’re a high-tech consultant, you may have a lot of smaller projects and clients. Maybe you were hired as a “grunt” for a couple of short-term assignments but had a major project last year. You can’t exclude the small stuff or potential clients/employers will question what you’ve been doing. But you can minimize the impact by focusing attention on the bigger things. Some ways of doing this include using a slightly larger font, boldface, or italics, or even drawing a thin border around the major accomplishments. But don’t go overboard — subtlety is still key.
#7: Seek advice from actual managers
Recruiters, agents, brokers, and human resource personnel are all different from managers. Managers want to see results, and they usually know how to spot a weak candidate. If managers think your resume reflects someone who can’t do the job, you’ll never get anywhere. Run your resume by some managers you know and have them critique it for you.
#8: Know when to stop
If you list all your experience from all the jobs, contracts, or projects you’ve handled, your resume will be more like a book. Find a place to stop listing your experience. If you feel you must at least acknowledge previous experience, try making a separate section and just bullet-point where you worked and what your title/function was. Of course, you’ll usually want to do this only for the less-accomplished jobs that you don’t want to highlight on your resume.
#9: Make sure your design is simple, attractive, and readable
As with any resume, you should use a clean font such as Times New Roman or Arial. Be consistent in your use of boldface, underline, or italics to help lead the reader through the document and avoid contrived graphical elements.
#10: Edit, revise, and proofread
Experts suggest that a resume should go through three to seven drafts before it begins to reflect the multidimensional individual on a piece of paper. Be grammatically correct, spell-check the document, and have someone else proofread your resume carefully.
- Date: July 24th, 2007
- Author: TechRepublic
Cisco Catalyst Switch bandwidth limit configuration
In the Cisco IOS on a Catalyst switch (not on a router), there’s an Interface Mode command called shape round-robin queue bandwidth. More specifically, the command is srr-queue bandwidth.
This command has been around since IOS 12.2(25). For these examples, I’m using a Cisco Catalyst 2960 switch.
Entering the command appended with a question mark will display the command options. Here’s an example:
Switch(config)# interface FastEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)# srr-queue bandwidth ?
limit Configure bandwidth-limit for this interface
shape Configure shaping on transmit queues
share Configure shared bandwidthAs you can see, the command options are limit, shape, and share. While we’ll focus on the limit option this time, keep in mind that you can also use the srr-queue bandwidth command to shape and share bandwidth.
For example, let’s say you have a 100-Mb Ethernet port on a Catalyst switch. You’re selling the bandwidth on the port, and a customer has bought 10 Mb of bandwidth. Obviously, you want to limit the outbound bandwidth on the port to 10 Mb instead of the full 100 Mb.
To do so, go to Interface Configuration Mode on the switch port, and apply the srr-queue bandwidth limit command. Here’s an example:
Switch(config)# interface FastEthernet 0/1 Switch(config-if)# srr-queue bandwidth limit 90The 90 sets the outbound bandwidth limit on the port to 90 percent of the port speed. Since this is a 100-Mb port, this should limit the outbound traffic from the port to 10 Mb.
Variations on bandwidth limiting
As with just about everything in the Cisco IOS, there are multiple ways to accomplish the same thing. One way would be to manipulate the port speed. But if you want to hard-code the port speed on the Ethernet port to 10 Mb, you could also limit the customer to only 10 Mb of bandwidth using the speed 10 command. However, you probably won’t get the same level of performance from the 10-Mb Ethernet port.
What if you want a port speed that’s less than 10 Mb? You could limit the port speed to 10 Mb and then use the srr-queue bandwidth limit 90 command to limit the outbound speed of the port to only 1 Mb.
What if you’re working with a Cisco router instead of a switch? Cisco routers don’t support the srr-queue command. While there are several different QoS options that might accomplish the same thing, a common method that I’ve used is the rate-limitcommand.
For example, on a Cisco router when in Interface Mode, you could limit outbound bandwidth to 1 Mb using the following command:
Router(config-if)# rate-limit output 10000000 2000 2000 conform-action continue exceed-action drop
Wednesday, March 24, 2010
Helping individuals get online visibility
This list is a collection of sites of friends and co workers whom I have assisted in having their own domain name registered and mail system configured. A simple website has also been created.
cindysbalibago.com - Owned by Peter Valdez. A business franchise from Cindys Bakery
dmctradingservices.com - Owned by Ding Marasigan. A website for Operation and Maintenance business
iskoolzone.com - Owned by Edgar Saturno. An internet cafe business in Bayombong Nueva Vizcaya.
graphixinternet.com - Owned by Rey Evarle. An internet cafe business in Bulacan
cruzfamilyonline.com - Owned by Beth Cruz. A family website
lagarbe.com - Owned by Ben Lagarbe. A personal website
proelfarms.com - Owned by Abet Proel. A website for farm business located in Bukidnon
www.rckm.net - Owned by Rowena De Castro. A construction business website
chito.relampagos.org - Owned by yours truly. A blogsite
Tuesday, March 23, 2010
Monday, March 22, 2010
Blogging Tools
A collection of relevant blogging tools that I have actually utilized.
Google Trends - reflects what people are searching on a daily basis
Blogger - is a free blog publishing tool from Google for easily sharing your thoughts with the world. Blogger makes it simple to post text, photos and video.
FlickrCC - a site to search on free as in free to use pictures for your blogs without any copyright issues
Article City - FREE articles for reprint
Surchur - locate information of a particular topic sort of a real time board
More tools will be added later. Image source here.
Friday, March 19, 2010
Thursday, March 18, 2010
A collection of tweeting tools
More tools will be added to this list
topsy - a search engine powered by tweets
chirpcity - local twitter stuff
twitter counter - twitter statistics service
topsy - a search engine powered by tweets
chirpcity - local twitter stuff
twitter counter - twitter statistics service
Green Beans 18 March 2010
Green Beans has become a sanctuary for me and my friends - a place to hang out, relax, and forget about the war outside." www.greenbeanscoffee.com
Wednesday, March 17, 2010
Paypal Bank Codes Philippines
I've been trying to activate my paypal account lately so that I could accept online payments and I needed some sort of a bank code and I indeed up on this list. Source of the list from here.
Official List of Paypal Philippines Bank Codes
Official List of Paypal Philippines Bank Codes
| Bank Name | Bank Code |
|---|---|
| ALLIED BANKING CORP | 010320013 |
| AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND | 010700015 |
| ASIA UNITED BANK | 011020011 |
| BANGKO SENTRAL NG PILIPINAS | 010030015 |
| BANGKOK BANK | 010670019 |
| BANK OF AMERICA | 010120019 |
| BANK OF CHINA | 011140014 |
| BANK OF TOKYO | 010460012 |
| BANCO DE ORO (& EQUITABLE PCI BANK) | 010530667 |
| BANK OF COMMERCE | 010440016 |
| BANK OF THE PHIL ISLANDS (BPI) | 010040018 |
| CHINA BANKING CORP | 010100013 |
| CHINA TRUST COMML BANK | 010690015 |
| CITIBANK N.A. | 010070017 |
| DEVT BANK OF THE PHILS (DBP) | 010590018 |
| DEUTSCHE BANK | 010650013 |
| EAST WEST BANK | 010620014 |
| EXPORT & INDUSTRY BANK | 010860010 |
| FUJI BANK | 010640010 |
| HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANK (HSBC) | 010060014 |
| INTL COMML BANK OF CHINA | 010560019 |
| INTL EXCHANGE BANK | 010680012 |
| JP MORGAN CHASE BANK | 010720011 |
| KOREA EXCHANGE BANK | 010710018 |
| INTL NEDERLAND BANK | 010660016 |
| LANDBANK OF THE PHILS | 010350025 |
| MAYBANK OF THE PHILS | 010220016 |
| METROPOLITAN BANK & TRUST CO | 010269996 |
| PHIL BANK OF COMMUNICATION | 010110016 |
| PHIL TRUST COMPANY | 010090039 |
| PHIL NATIONAL BANK (PNB) | 010080010 |
| PRUDENTIAL BANK | 010150018 |
| PHIL VETERANS BANK | 010330016 |
| RIZAL COMML BANKING CORP (RCBC) | 010280014 |
| SECURITY BANK & TRUST CO | 010140015 |
| STANDARD CHARTERED BANK | 010050011 |
| UNITED COCONUT PLANTERS BANK | 010299995 |
| UNION BANK OF THE PHILS (UBP) | 010419995 |
| UNITED OVERSEAS BANK | 010270189 |
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Converting mp4 music format to mp3 using VLC Media Player
VLC media player is a highly portable multimedia player for various audio and video formats as well as DVDs, VCDs, and various streaming protocols without external codec or program.
It can also be used as a server to stream in unicast or multicast in IPv4 or IPv6 on a high-bandwidth network.
VLC can play:
MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 / DivX files from a hard disk, a CD-ROM drive, and so on
DVDs, VCDs, and Audio CDs
From satellite cards (DVB-S)
Several types of network streams: UDP/RTP Unicast, UDP/RTP Multicast, HTTP, RTSP, MMS, etc.
From acquisition or encoding cards (on GNU/Linux and Windows only)
VLC Media Player is capable of converting media files. For now the guide that I have here is on how to convert mp4 files to mp3 format. Check out the whole procedure on this link.
It can also be used as a server to stream in unicast or multicast in IPv4 or IPv6 on a high-bandwidth network.
VLC can play:
MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 / DivX files from a hard disk, a CD-ROM drive, and so on
DVDs, VCDs, and Audio CDs
From satellite cards (DVB-S)
Several types of network streams: UDP/RTP Unicast, UDP/RTP Multicast, HTTP, RTSP, MMS, etc.
From acquisition or encoding cards (on GNU/Linux and Windows only)
VLC Media Player is capable of converting media files. For now the guide that I have here is on how to convert mp4 files to mp3 format. Check out the whole procedure on this link.
Using Sharepoint Designer 2007 for checking in multiple checked out files
I had this issue recently in which our sharepoint hosting provider migrated our data from Sharepoint 2003 to Sharepoint 2007. It took a whole week for all the data of the site to be migrated. After the migration we found out that there's a lot of files on every document library which are checked out by default that means most of the users cannot view or utilize the file since it's being checked out by somebody else. This is an error by the sharepoint hosting provider during the migration. What took place next was an exchange of email and calls to their support staff and for 3 months nothing has happened. They promised that they will do the check in themselves (since it's their fault in the first place) but still no files has been checked in for several months. This prompts me to do my own research on how to resolve the issue. what I thought this issue can be resolved by manipulating things directly on the database programmatically but all along the issue can be resolved by using Sharepoint Designer 2007. I'm just confused why the support guys on our sharepoint hosting provider didn't bother to find a solution for us. I have created some sort of a guide on how to check in multiple files using Sharepoint Designer 2007.
Sunday, March 14, 2010
Certificate of Completion for my Class
Printed some certificates for my class of seven in Lost Lake Baghdad Iraq.
iPhone 3GS Phishing Scam
If you receive this kind of email please disregard it. It's a phishing scam. Always check the actual market price for this kind of models. You can always check ebay for the latest pricing info.
Hello,
We got your mail in regards to the products below.
The Brand New 3GS Apple Iphone 32GB Unlocked comes with complete accessories in
their original factory sealed box with 1years international warranty .
QUOTE:
Brand New 3GS Apple iPhone 32GB Unlocked cost $350Usd
Shipping fee Included
Delivery 2 - days
Courier service :DHL/UPS/FEDEX
Discount is available.
Shipping free
Delivery 2 - days
Courier service :DHL/UPS/FEDEX
Send your full name,shipping address,contact phone number and place your order.
PAYMENT TERMS:
Western union
Money Gram.
Return Policy:
1. Please notify us within 90 days (according to the posting date).
2. Please complete the RMA form for any return items.
3. Return items MUST have all ORIGINAL packaging and accessories.
4. Return postage and insurance charge is non-refundable for return items.
5. Return/exchange shipment of quality, we will supply free after
service
So do let us know the quantity you would be interested in buying .
We awaiting your reply.
Thanks
Management
Hello,
We got your mail in regards to the products below.
The Brand New 3GS Apple Iphone 32GB Unlocked comes with complete accessories in
their original factory sealed box with 1years international warranty .
QUOTE:
Brand New 3GS Apple iPhone 32GB Unlocked cost $350Usd
Shipping fee Included
Delivery 2 - days
Courier service :DHL/UPS/FEDEX
Discount is available.
Shipping free
Delivery 2 - days
Courier service :DHL/UPS/FEDEX
Send your full name,shipping address,contact phone number and place your order.
PAYMENT TERMS:
Western union
Money Gram.
Return Policy:
1. Please notify us within 90 days (according to the posting date).
2. Please complete the RMA form for any return items.
3. Return items MUST have all ORIGINAL packaging and accessories.
4. Return postage and insurance charge is non-refundable for return items.
5. Return/exchange shipment of quality, we will supply free after
service
So do let us know the quantity you would be interested in buying .
We awaiting your reply.
Thanks
Management
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